Computer Networking

Computer networking is a linking of the network devices and computers with each other to provide the data communications and sharing the network resources such as printer, scanner, modem, CD/DVD and internet access. A computer network can be interconnected with the UTP/STP cables, coaxial cables, fiber optics and wirelessly through the radio waves. Today, no business can work effectively without the data communications within the organization. A network can be designed by different layouts known as topologies. The common topologies include star, hub, mesh, hybrid and ring. Star topology is the most common topology in Ethernet based local area network. There are specialized rules and standards and based on these standards, the devices communicate with each other. One of these specialized standards and agree up ways is known as protocols. TCP/IP is the protocol suite that contains the multiple communication protocols such as TCP, IP, SMTP, FTP, DHCP, LDAP, PPP, Telnet and many others. TCP/IP works together and it is the most common communication protocol for the LAN, WAN and internet. The communications on the internet is based on the IP addresses, which is a part of the TCP/IP stack. No computer on the internet or in the LAN/MAN/WAN can communicate without a unique IP address. Networking and data communications provides the flexibility, easy of work and communications with each other and today every kind of business in the world, which involves more than one computer, require a computer network. A network can be setup by using the following things. Computer with Windows/Linux operating system installed. Every computer requires a unique LAN card, which should be properly installed and configured. Ethernet cable with the RJ-45 connectors at both ends. A Router/Switch or hub. The other devices are bridges, transceivers, terminal servers and gateways and they can be setup according to your requirements. There are three main types of the computer network i.e. LAN, MAN, WAN, CAN, GAN and PAN and each network either be a peer to peer or client server network. In a client/server network model, a centralized domain controller is used to control all the computer network. It provides the services to the clients like logon authentication, printer access, scanner access, centralized data storage, user management, resources management, DHCP, DNS, FTP and internet access. To communicate with the other computer, each computer should support the same protocol and the TCP/IP is the most commonly used protocol in a computer network. Internetwork is a type of computer network that connects the two or more different networks. There are three main types of the internetwork i.e. intranet, extranet and internet.

Networking Notes

I would like to discuss some basic networking notes especially helpful for beginners who are thinking of establish a good career in this field. These networking notes supply the fundamental details about network types, communication technology, network troubleshooting, network topologies, network products and also the fundamental summary of the WAN and LAN models of communication. What is computer network? Internet is simply a type of network. When several devices are attached to one another, generally we are able to refer to it as a network. If these devices are computer systems, we'll refer to it as a computer network. What's DHCP? DHCP means Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. It is used to assign the computer IP addresses and also for other types of network configurations like DNS. DHCP cuts down the administrative tasks of manually assigning IPs to computer systems inside a network. What's DNS and just how it really works? DNS means Domain name system that translates host names into the network IPs and IP addresses into host names. Every computer and also domains on the web have designated distinctive IP addresses. Internet communication is dependent on these IP addresses. These addresses have been created in the format of 10.1.1.200, 192.168.2.0 etc. It is difficult to remember these IP addresses; however host names are simpler to remember than their IPs. What is computer Firewall? It is a protective boundary for any network. It prevents the access of unauthorized sources over the network. The majority of Microsoft operating-systems, for example Windows XP service pack2, have generated-in firewall utilities. Types of networks Essentially, you will find three kinds of computer networks: local area network (LAN), (Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) and Wide Area Network (WAN). The communication inside a WAN is dependent on Hubs. A WAN network covers a town, country or regions. LAN is the interconnection of different hubs, routers and other networking devices in a specific place joined with a cabling system. MAN network covers the range of a limited metropolitan area. Voice over internet protocol (VOIP) Communication Technology Voice over internet protocol means VoIP. This technology can be used for voice data transmission over a specific IP based on the long distance of a network to create telephone calls. Voice over internet protocol telephone calls is fairly inexpensive and many organizations, offices and home customers are utilizing Voice over internet protocol technology to make long distance telephone calls. Wi Max Technology It is basically a wireless broadband technology that is an advanced form of Wi Fi. Wi Max technology supports data, audio and video communication simultaneously at a good speed of 70 Megabyte per second. Network Gateway It can be hardware or software. A gateway is generally a joining reason within a network. It connects normally two systems. Computers connected by using two LAN cards act as a gateway. Router It routes visitors to its destination in line with the source and destination IP addresses that are put into the routing software that is referred to as a routing table. Fiber Optic Cable Fiber optics offers the quickest medium of communication for data, voice and video transfer. Data travels at the speed of light in these cables. Internet service providers and other corporate offices are often connected with one another using this fiber optic cable to supply high-speed connectivity. What's File Server? It is a computer inside a network that provides authentication to network consumers of networks like Home Window 2003 Servers. OSI Model of seven layers The fundamental reason for the seven layers OSI model is to comprehend the data transmission and communication system steps. These layers are Application layer, Presentation layer, Transport layer, Network layer, Data Link layer and Physical layer. Each layer has its own functionality for data transmission from source to destination. GSM Technology It is wireless short range technology. This technology is usually utilized in cell phones, portable products, audio players, Laptops, computer systems as well as in vehicles.